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''Contact'' was an American literary "little magazine" published during the early 1920s and again in 1932.〔Chielens, Edward E., ed. "Contact". ''American Literary Magazines: The Twentieth Century''. Westport: Greenwood, 1992. 74.〕 Following their introduction in 1920 by Marsden Hartley at a party hosted by Lola Ridge, William Carlos Williams and Robert McAlmon endeavored to create an outlet for works showcasing Williams' theory of "contact", a theory centered on the belief that art should derive from an artist's direct experience and sense of place and should reject traditional notions of value.〔Casella, Donna. "William Carlos Williams's Contact Magazine: A Rebellion against the Arty Art Worshipers". ''Ball State University Forum'' 28.3 (1987): 60-75.〕 Williams desired to create a distinctly American form of art free of the literary tradition running throughout the work of T. S. Eliot. Under the co-editorship of Williams and McAlmon, four issues of ''Contact'' appeared between December 1920 and summer 1921, with a fifth issue appearing in June 1923. These issues were cheaply made, contained no advertisements or tables of contents, and suffered from multiple typographical errors. The first two issues were printed using a mimeograph machine upon paper donated by Williams' father-in-law. Williams and McAlmon were able raise enough money to send the third issue, containing the only artwork to appear during the first run of ''Contact'', to a professional printer, creating a noticeably superior production quality over the other issues in the first run. The fourth and fifth issues were printed on standard white paper.〔 Although it published early work from such luminaries as Hilda Doolittle, Marianne Moore, Wallace Stevens, Williams, McAlmon, and Mina Loy, the magazine was never financially successful, and its circulation is estimated to have been around two hundred subscribers during the first run. Williams ended the first run in 1923 with a very brief fifth issue that contained a mere five poems. Williams revived ''Contact'' in 1932 under the name ''Contact: An American Quarterly Review''. Although McAlmon was active in publishing works of Williams' circle through his own publishing company, Contact Publishing Company (a/k/a Contact Editions), he contributed some literary works to the revived magazine, and although he is listed as an associate editor on the masthead, McAlmon was no longer involved in the production of ''Contact'' during its second run. Instead, Williams chose Nathanael West to be his partner in running the magazine. Each of the three issues of ''Contact'' == Further reading == * Martin, Jay. ''Nathanael West: The Art of His Life.'' New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1970. * McAlmon, Robert. ''McAlmon and the Lost Generation: A Self-Portrait''. Ed. Robert E. Knoll. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1962. * --. ''Being Geniuses Together, 1920-1930''. Review by Kay Boyle. Garden City: Doubleday, 1968. * Smoller, Sanford J. ''Adrift Among Geniuses: Robert McAlmon: Writer and Publisher of the Twenties''. University Park: Pennsylvania State UP, 1975. * Tashjian, Dickran. ''William Carlos Williams and the American Scene, 1920-1940''. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art, 1978. * Veitch, Jonathan. "'Lousy with Pure / Reeking with Stark': Nathanael West, William Carlos Williams, and the Textualization of the 'Real'". ''Prospects: An Annual Journal of American Cultural Studies'' 21 (1996): 123-48. * Williams, William Carlos. ''The Autobiography of William Carlos Williams''. New York: Random House, 1951. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Contact (magazine)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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